Know the Different Types of Archeology Tools

Archaeology is a discipline of science that includes discovering facts about past human society and culture. Archaeology has various objectives, including understanding human evolution, cultural evolution and cultural history. The past human culture is studied with the help of materials and data left behind by the people who lived in that era. Such materials usually include artifacts, architecture, fossils, bio-facts and cultural landscapes. The recovered materials are studied and analyzed thoroughly for further research purposes. Surveyance, excavation and data collection form an integral part of archaeological studies.? Archaeologists use different archaeology tools to carry out these activities.

Archaeology tools used by archaeologists depend on the type of archaeological site they are investigating.

The tools can vary depending on the type of soil (soft or hard), the location of the site, the size of the dig and what exactly is being dug up. In few cases, archaeologists have to go underwater for conducting excavations.
The archaeological tool kit usually contains two types of archaeology tools, including field site tools and specialist equipment. The field site equipment include health and safety kit, recording equipment and digging equipment. Specialist equipment include underwater gear and laboratory equipment. Here are few archaeology tools commonly used by archaeologists:

Digging tools: Digging equipment are primarily used for breaking the hard soil crust and uncovering artifacts.

Two commonly used digging tools are mattock and pickaxe. A mattock contains a blade and a handle. The blade of a mattock is broad and looks like a chisel. The equipment is used to break up and remove very hard compacted soil. It makes the digging process very easy. Spades and shovels are digging equipment used to remove bulk debris. Other tools used in bulk clean up process include hoes, forks, rakes and wheelbarrows.

Layout equipment: Once the area is cleared properly, it has to be laid out in grids for identification and recording purposes. Layout equipment includes simple devices, such as compasses, measuring tapes, strings, bailing twines, field maps, dumpy levels, spirit levels, plumb lines and metal pegs.
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Recording equipment: Archaeologists usually record and document their findings. Archaeological findings, such as artifacts and architecture are usually sketched or photographed. Some of the common apparatus used for recording these materials are high resolution digital cameras, sturdy tripods and calibrated measurement boards.

Health and safety kit: Archaeological digging sites are usually in hot and remote areas where medical facilities are not readily available. Most of the archaeologists carry a health and safety kit along with them to the excavation sites. A personal support kit usually includes a portable shade system, broad rimmed hat, sunscreen, insect repellent, first aid kit and lots of water.
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Digging underwater is both dangerous and complex. Archaeologists who are engaged in underwater archaeology require tailor archaeology tools, such as wet suit, air tanks, snorkel, mask, fins, special vacuum extraction hoses and advanced camera equipment. ?

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